Intelligent technologies in smart education: a comprehensive review of transformative pillars and their impact on teaching and learning methods

Junfeng Yang (), Gaojun Shi, Wenjuan Zhu () and Yao Sun
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Junfeng Yang: Hangzhou Normal University
Gaojun Shi: Hangzhou Normal University
Wenjuan Zhu: Hangzhou Normal University
Yao Sun: Hangzhou Normal University

Palgrave Communications, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract In the domain of smart education, the integration of intelligent technology has undergone extensive exploration, yet a comprehensive investigation into its transformative potential for teaching and learning remains elusive. To address this research gap, our study employs a literature review methodology, analyzing 55 studies to offer empirical insights into the application of intelligent technologies in reshaping educational paradigms. The key findings encompass: (a) the identification of five crucial pillars of smart education, namely intelligent technology, smart pedagogy, smart learning environments, smart learning, and smart learners; (b) the acknowledgment that smart education relies on diverse intelligent technologies, such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, virtual/augmented reality, big data, cloud computing, and smart mobile devices; and (c) the identification of three typical teaching methods and five learning methods supported by intelligent technology for smart education. This systematic review provides valuable insights and implications for advancing teaching and learning through the strategic utilization of intelligent technologies.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-05444-0

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