Terrorists’ affinity towards borders: an Indian perspective

Prabal Pratap Singh (), Deepu Philip and Manindra Agrawal
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Prabal Pratap Singh: Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Deepu Philip: Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Manindra Agrawal: Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Terrorism is a global threat in which perpetrators aim to maximize fear in society through devastating attacks. India’s peninsular geography and transnational borders create strategic terrorism challenges. We analyzed multiple hypotheses about the proximity of high-impact attacks (HIAs) from international and inter-state boundaries of Indian states, categorized into states with maritime and transnational geographies. The K-means suggested four classifications of attacks of interests’ (AOI) distances from international boundaries. The KS test on HIA’s shortest border distances demonstrated that underlying distributions vary between maritime and land-bordered states. We identified that HIA’s lethality is inversely proportional to their distance from borders. Most HIAs occurred within 68 kilometres of interstate borders. Maritime-bordered states reported a three times longer time between AOIs than land-bordered states. These insights regarding HIAs can help agencies to formulate better border security measures.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-05952-z

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