Age-related cognitive decline and associations with sex, education and apolipoprotein E genotype across ethnocultural groups and geographic regions: a collaborative cohort study

Darren M Lipnicki, John D Crawford, Rajib Dutta, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Nicole A Kochan, Gavin Andrews, M Fernanda Lima-Costa, Erico Castro-Costa, Carol Brayne, Fiona E Matthews, Blossom C M Stephan, Richard B Lipton, Mindy J Katz, Karen Ritchie, Jacqueline Scali, Marie-Laure Ancelin, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Mary Yannakoulia, Efthimios Dardiotis, Linda C W Lam, Candy H Y Wong, Ada W T Fung, Antonio Guaita, Roberta Vaccaro, Annalisa Davin, Ki Woong Kim, Ji Won Han, Tae Hui Kim, Kaarin J Anstey, Nicolas Cherbuin, Peter Butterworth, Marcia Scazufca, Shuzo Kumagai, Sanmei Chen, Kenji Narazaki, Tze Pin Ng, Qi Gao, Simone Reppermund, Henry Brodaty, Antonio Lobo, Raúl Lopez-Anton, Javier Santabárbara, Perminder S Sachdev and Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (cosmic)

PLOS Medicine, 2017, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-21

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of dementia varies around the world, potentially contributed to by international differences in rates of age-related cognitive decline. Our primary goal was to investigate how rates of age-related decline in cognitive test performance varied among international cohort studies of cognitive aging. We also determined the extent to which sex, educational attainment, and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) carrier status were associated with decline. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data for 14 cohorts from 12 countries (Australia, Brazil, France, Greece, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Singapore, Spain, South Korea, United Kingdom, United States), for a total of 42,170 individuals aged 54–105 y (42% male), including 3.3% with dementia at baseline. The studies began between 1989 and 2011, with all but three ongoing, and each had 2–16 assessment waves (median = 3) and a follow-up duration of 2–15 y. We analyzed standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and memory, processing speed, language, and executive functioning test scores using linear mixed models, adjusted for sex and education, and meta-analytic techniques. Performance on all cognitive measures declined with age, with the most rapid rate of change pooled across cohorts a moderate -0.26 standard deviations per decade (SD/decade) (95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.35, -0.16], p

Date: 2017
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pmed00:1002261

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002261

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