The Burden of MDR/XDR Tuberculosis in Coastal Plains Population of China

Xiujun Yang, Yanli Yuan, Yu Pang, Bo Wang, Yunlong Bai, Yanhua Wang, Baozhu Yu, Zhiying Zhang, Ming Fan and Yanlin Zhao

PLOS ONE, 2015, vol. 10, issue 2, 1-12

Abstract: Background: We conducted a first baseline survey in Jilin Province of China to determine the proportion of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), and to analyze risk factors associated with the emergence of drug-resistance. Methodology/Principal Findings: Thirty counties in Jilin Province were randomly selected as survey sites using a stratified cluster sampling method. People enrolled in the survey were new and re-treated, smear-positive pulmonary TB patients newly enrolled in local TB control and prevention institutions during the survey period. Sputum samples were collected, and the susceptibility of bacterial strains to anti-TB drugs was analyzed by proportion method. Based on the survey results, we estimated the number of drug-resistant TB patients and analyzed the risk factors associated with the emergence of drug resistance. Of 1,174 new TB patients and 597 re-treated TB patients, 8.6% and 23.2% were multi-drug resistant (MDR)-TB patients, respectively. Approximately 12% of MDR-TB patients were extensively drug-resistant. We estimate that approximately 1,290 new MDR-TB cases develop in Jilin Province every year. Of these, 810 cases would be new patients, and 480 cases would involve re-treated patients. Risk factors associated with MDR-TB include employment status, educational background, and income level. Conclusions/Significance: Jilin Province remains one of the highest-burden areas in China for drug-resistant TB. The higher number of MDR-TB among new cases suggested that the transmission of drug-resistant strains in Jilin is an urgent problem in the MDR-TB control and prevention system of Jilin Province. Improving the treatment compliance of TB patients and the quality of medical care in public health institutions is urgently needed.

Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0117361

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117361

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