Monitoring HIV Drug Resistance Early Warning Indicators in Cameroon: A Study Following the Revised World Health Organization Recommendations

Joseph Fokam, Jean-Bosco N Elat, Serge C Billong, Etienne Kembou, Armand S Nkwescheu, Nicolas M Obam, André Essiane, Judith N Torimiro, Gatien K Ekanmian, Alexis Ndjolo, Koulla S Shiro and Anne C Z-K Bissek

PLOS ONE, 2015, vol. 10, issue 6, 1-13

Abstract: Background: The majority (>95%) of new HIV infection occurs in resource-limited settings, and Cameroon is still experiencing a generalized epidemic with ~122,638 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A detrimental outcome in scaling-up ART is the emergence HIV drug resistance (HIVDR), suggesting the need for pragmatic approaches in sustaining a successful ART performance. Methods: A survey was conducted in 15 ART sites of the Centre and Littoral regions of Cameroon in 2013 (10 urban versus 05 rural settings; 8 at tertiary/secondary versus 7 at primary healthcare levels), evaluating HIVDR-early warning indicators (EWIs) as-per the 2012 revised World Health Organization’s guidelines: EWI1 (on-time pill pick-up), EWI2 (retention in care), EWI3 (no pharmacy stock-outs), EWI4 (dispensing practices), EWI5 (virological suppression). Poor performance was interpreted as potential HIVDR. Results: Only 33.3% (4/12) of sites reached the desirable performance for “on-time pill pick-up” (57.1% urban versus 0% rural; p

Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0129210

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129210

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