Effects of Socioeconomic Status and Social Support on Violence against Pregnant Women: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e Alves, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista, Cecília Cláudia Costa Ribeiro, Lilia Blima Schraiber, Heloisa Bettiol and Marco Antônio Barbieri

PLOS ONE, 2017, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Few studies have used structural equation modeling to analyze the effects of variables on violence against women. The present study analyzed the effects of socioeconomic status and social support on violence against pregnant women who used prenatal services. This was a cross-sectional study based on data from the Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohort studies (BRISA). The sample of the municipality of São Luís (Maranhão/Brazil) consisted of 1,446 pregnant women interviewed in 2010 and 2011. In the proposed model, socioeconomic status was the most distal predictor, followed by social support that determined general violence, psychological violence or physical/sexual violence, which were analyzed as latent variables. Violence was measured by the World Health Organization Violence against Women (WHO VAW) instrument. The São Luis model was estimated using structural equation modeling and validated with 1,378 pregnant women from Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo/Brazil). The proposed model showed good fit for general, psychological and physical/sexual violence for the São Luís sample. Socioeconomic status had no effect on general or psychological violence (p>0.05), but pregnant women with lower socioeconomic status reported more episodes of physical/sexual violence (standardized coefficient, SC = -0.136; p = 0.021). This effect of socioeconomic status was indirect and mediated by low social support (SC = -0.075; p

Date: 2017
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0170469

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170469

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