Clinical implications of the novel cytokine IL-38 expressed in lung adenocarcinoma: Possible association with PD-L1 expression

Kazuki Takada, Tatsuro Okamoto, Masaki Tominaga, Koji Teraishi, Takaki Akamine, Shinkichi Takamori, Masakazu Katsura, Gouji Toyokawa, Fumihiro Shoji, Masaki Okamoto, Yoshinao Oda, Tomoaki Hoshino and Yoshihiko Maehara

PLOS ONE, 2017, vol. 12, issue 7, 1-15

Abstract: Interleukin (IL)-38, a novel member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is homologous to IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and IL-36Ra, and has been reported to act as an antagonist. IL-38 expression is found in tonsil, placenta, and spleen, and recent studies suggest an association between IL-38 and autoimmune diseases. However, whether IL-38 plays a role in carcinogenesis or cancer growth is unclear. In the present study, we identified increases in IL-38 expression by immunohistochemistry in multiple types of cancer cells. In the examination of 417 surgically resected primary lung adenocarcinomas, Fisher’s exact tests showed significant associations between high IL-38 expression and high tumor grades, an advanced T status, advanced N status, advanced stage, and the presence of pleural and vessel invasions. Survival analyses by the Kaplan-Meier method showed that patients with high expression of IL-38 had significantly shorter disease-free survival and shorter overall survival after surgery than patients with low expression of IL-38 (log-rank test: P = 0.0021 and P = 0.0035, respectively). Moreover, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive cases showed higher expression of IL-38 than PD-L1-negative cases (Wilcoxon rank-sum test: P

Date: 2017
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0181598

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181598

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