The prevalence of and factors associated with urinary cotinine-verified smoking in Korean adults: The 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Jae Won Hong, Jung Hyun Noh and Dong-Jun Kim

PLOS ONE, 2018, vol. 13, issue 6, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Smoking rate based on self-reporting questionnaire might be underestimated. Cotinine is the principal metabolite of nicotine and is considered an accurate biomarker of exposure to cigarette smoke. Objectives: This study evaluated the prevalence of and factors associated with urinary cotinine-verified smoking in Korean adults. Methods: We analyzed data from 12,110 adults in the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), using three threshold levels of urinary cotinine ≥100ng/ml, ≥50ng/ml, and ≥30ng/ml. Results: The weighted prevalence of urinary cotinine levels of ≥100, ≥50, and ≥30 ng/mL in the whole study population was 34.7%, 37.1%, and 41.1%, respectively. Male sex, younger age, elementary school graduation, household income in the ≤24th percentile, service and sales workers and assembly workers, and high-risk alcohol drinking were associated with a higher prevalence of urinary cotinine level of ≥ 50 or 30 ng/mL, after we adjusted for age, sex, education level, number of family members, household income, occupation, and alcohol drinking. Conclusions: Based on a threshold urinary cotinine level of 50 ng/mL, the prevalence of cotinine-verified smoking in a representative sample of Korean adults was 37.1% (men 52.7%, women 15.4%). Younger age, male sex, low education level, service and sales workers, low household income, and high-risk alcohol drinking were associated with the risk of smoking.

Date: 2018
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0198814

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198814

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