Altered intrinsic local activity and cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients: A resting-state fMRI study

Yunjin Bak, Sunyoung Jun, Jun Yong Choi, Youngjoon Lee, Seung-Koo Lee, Sanghoon Han and Na-Young Shin

PLOS ONE, 2018, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: Purpose: To characterize resting-state brain activation patterns and investigate altered areas for cognitive decline in HIV patients. Methods: Twelve male HIV patients with intact cognition (HIV-IC), 10 with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and 11 male healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). Three rsfMRI values, regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), and fractional ALFF (fALFF) were calculated and compared between groups. Correlation analyses were performed between rsfMRI values and neuropsychological tests. Results: rsfMRI analyses revealed decreased rsfMRI values in the frontal areas, and increases in the posterior brain regions for both HIV-IC and HAND compared to HC. When directly compared to HIV-IC, HAND showed lower fALFF in the orbitofrontal cortex and higher ReHo in the primary sensorimotor area. Additionally, decreased orbitofrontal fALFF, increased sensorimotor ReHo, and a larger difference between the two values were highly correlated with decreased verbal memory and executive function in HIV patients. Conclusions: Regardless of cognitive status, altered local intrinsic activities were found in HIV patients. The orbitofrontal cortex and primary sensorimotor area were more disrupted in HAND relative to HIV-IC and correlated with behavioral performance, suggesting these areas are relevant to cognitive impairment in HIV patients.

Date: 2018
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0207146

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207146

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