Clinical characteristics and long-term evolution of lamellar macular hole in high myopia

Yun Hsia, Tzyy-Chang Ho, Chang-Hao Yang, Yi-Ting Hsieh, Tso-Ting Lai and Chung-May Yang

PLOS ONE, 2020, vol. 15, issue 5, 1-12

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and evolution of lamellar macular hole (LMH) in high myopia and the parameters associated with structural worsening, defined as the development of foveal detachment or full-thickness macular hole. Methods: Patients with high myopia and LMH were retrospectively recruited. The clinical characteristics and various parameters of optical coherence tomography were identified at baseline and during follow-up visits. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the hazard ratios for foveal detachment and full-thickness macular hole. Results: Among 112 eyes (98 patients), 64.3% were female; the mean axial length of all eyes was 29.6 ± 1.9 mm. The ‘LMH without retinoschisis’ group accounted for 39.3% of the eyes. Forty-two percent developed structural worsening within a median follow-up of 67 months. Multivariable regression on all cases showed elevated tissue inside the LMH (P = 0.003) protected against structural worsening while V-shaped LMH (P = 0.006) predicted it. In the “LMH with retinoschisis group”, ellipsoid zone disruption (P = 0.035), and V-shaped LMH (P = 0.014) predicted structural worsening, while elevated tissue inside the LMH (P = 0.028) protected against it. In the “LMH without retinoschisis group”, no associated factor was identified. Conclusions: LMHs in high myopia are unstable, especially those with V-shaped LMH. Elevated tissue inside LMHs have a protective effect against further structural worsening.

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0232852

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232852

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