The association between the lack of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities with intestinal Entamoeba spp infection risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hamid Atabati, Hamid Kassiri, Ehsan Shamloo, Mitra Akbari, Ali Atamaleki, Fatemeh Sahlabadi, Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh, Ali Rostami, Yadolah Fakhri and Amin Mousavi Khaneghah

PLOS ONE, 2020, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-17

Abstract: Intestinal protozoa infections are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, especially where the exposed population suffers from a lack of drinking water and sanitation facilities. In this study, the association between the lack of safe drinking water and sanitation (toilet) facilities with intestinal Entamoeba spp infection in the children (5–11 years), adult (18–55 years), and all age (5–55 years) were assessed. For this purpose, some of the international databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were screened to up to 7 June 2019 in order to retrieve the related citations. Also, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) following 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Twenty-nine articles with 36 studies were included while the OR extracted or calculated by using 2 × 2 contingency tables. However, the ingestion of contaminated water insignificantly can increase the odds ratio (OR) of Entamoeba spp infection (OR 1.01, (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58 to 1.43), no access to sanitation (toilet) facilities significantly can increase odds of Entamoeba spp infection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.32). The meta-regression analysis showed that over time, odds of intestinal Entamoeba spp infection increased in both lack of safe drinking water (Coefficient: 3.24, P-value

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0237102

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237102

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