The clinical impact of comorbidities among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis undergoing anti-fibrotic treatment: A multicenter retrospective observational study

Ayako Aoki, Yu Hara, Hiroaki Fujii, Kota Murohashi, Ryo Nagasawa, Yoichi Tagami, Tatsuji Enomoto, Yutaka Matsumoto, Makoto Masuda, Keisuke Watanabe, Nobuyuki Horita, Nobuaki Kobayashi, Makoto Kudo, Takashi Ogura and Takeshi Kaneko

PLOS ONE, 2023, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-13

Abstract: Background: Among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), few studies have investigated the clinical impact of anti-fibrotic treatment (AFT) with and without comorbidities. The aim of the study was to determine whether Charlson Comorbidity Index score (CCIS) can predict the efficacy of AFT in patients with IPF. Methods: We retrospectively assessed data extracted from the medical records of IPF patients who received anti-fibrotic agents between 2009 and 2019. The collected data included age, sex, CCIS, pulmonary function test, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) pattern, gender/age/physiology (GAP) score, and 3-year IPF-related events defined as the first acute exacerbation or death within 3 years after starting AFT. Results: We assessed 130 patients (median age, 74 years) who received nintedanib (n = 70) or pirfenidone (n = 60). Median duration of AFT was 425 days. Patients were categorized into high (≥ 3 points) and low (≤ 2 points) CCIS groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, duration of AFT, GAP score, or incidence of usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on HRCT except percentage predicted diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide. Also, significant difference was not seen between the groups for 3-year IPF-related events (P = 0.75). Especially, in the low CCIS group but not the high CCIS group, the longer duration of AFT had better disease outcome. Conclusion: In the present study, we could not show any relation between CCIS and IPF disease outcomes in patients undergoing AFT, though the longer duration of AFT might be beneficial for IPF outcomes among patients with low CCIS.

Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0291489

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291489

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