Sex-specific differences in physiological parameters related to SARS-CoV-2 infections among a national cohort (COVI-GAPP study)

Grossmann, Kirsten; Risch, Martin; Markovic, Andjela; Aeschbacher, Stefanie; Weideli, Ornella C; Velez, Laura; Kovac, Marc; Pereira, Fiona; Wohlwend, Nadia; Risch, Corina; Hillmann, Dorothea; Lung, Thomas; Renz, Harald; Twerenbold, Raphael; Rothenbühler, Martina; Leibovitz, Daniel; Kovacevic, Vladimir; Klaver, Paul; Brakenhoff, Timo B; Franks, Billy; Mitratza, Marianna; Downward, George S; Dowling, Ariel; Montes, Santiago; Veen, Duco; Grobbee, Diederick E; Cronin, Maureen; Conen, David; Goodale, Brianna M; Risch, Lorenz; Consortium, on behalf of the COVID-19 remote early detection (COVID-RED)

Sex-specific differences in physiological parameters related to SARS-CoV-2 infections among a national cohort (COVI-GAPP study)

Kirsten Grossmann, Martin Risch, Andjela Markovic, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Ornella C Weideli, Laura Velez, Marc Kovac, Fiona Pereira, Nadia Wohlwend, Corina Risch, Dorothea Hillmann, Thomas Lung, Harald Renz, Raphael Twerenbold, Martina Rothenbühler, Daniel Leibovitz, Vladimir Kovacevic, Paul Klaver, Timo B Brakenhoff, Billy Franks, Marianna Mitratza, George S Downward, Ariel Dowling, Santiago Montes, Duco Veen, Diederick E Grobbee, Maureen Cronin, David Conen, Brianna M Goodale, Lorenz Risch and on behalf of the COVID-19 remote early detection (COVID-RED) Consortium

PLOS ONE, 2024, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-17

Abstract: Considering sex as a biological variable in modern digital health solutions, we investigated sex-specific differences in the trajectory of four physiological parameters across a COVID-19 infection. A wearable medical device measured breathing rate, heart rate, heart rate variability, and wrist skin temperature in 1163 participants (mean age = 44.1 years, standard deviation [SD] = 5.6; 667 [57%] females). Participants reported daily symptoms and confounders in a complementary app. A machine learning algorithm retrospectively ingested daily biophysical parameters to detect COVID-19 infections. COVID-19 serology samples were collected from all participants at baseline and follow-up. We analysed potential sex-specific differences in physiology and antibody titres using multilevel modelling and t-tests. Over 1.5 million hours of physiological data were recorded. During the symptomatic period of infection, men demonstrated larger increases in skin temperature, breathing rate, and heart rate as well as larger decreases in heart rate variability than women. The COVID-19 infection detection algorithm performed similarly well for men and women. Our study belongs to the first research to provide evidence for differential physiological responses to COVID-19 between females and males, highlighting the potential of wearable technology to inform future precision medicine approaches.

Date: 2024
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0292203

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292203

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