Costs incurred by people with co-morbid tuberculosis and diabetes and their households in the Philippines

Takuya Yamanaka, Mary Christine Castro, Julius Patrick Ferrer, Juan Antonio Solon, Sharon E Cox, Yoko V Laurence and Anna Vassall

PLOS ONE, 2024, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Objective: Diabetes is a risk factor for TB mortality and relapse. The Philippines has a high TB incidence with co-morbid diabetes. This study assessed the pre- and post-TB diagnosis costs incurred by people with TB and diabetes (TB-DM) and their households in the Philippines. Methods: Longitudinal data was collected for costs, income, and coping mechanisms of TB-affected households in Negros Occidental and Cebu, the Philippines. Data collection was conducted four times during TB treatment. The data collection tools were developed by adapting WHO’s cross-sectional questionnaire in the Tuberculosis Patient Cost Surveys: A Handbook into a longitudinal study design. Demographic and clinical characteristics, self-reported household income, number of facility visits, patient costs, the proportion of TB-affected households facing catastrophic costs due to TB (>20% of annual household income before TB), coping mechanisms, and social support received were compared by diabetes status at the time of TB diagnosis. Results: 530 people with TB were enrolled in this study, and 144 (27.2%) had TB-DM based on diabetes testing at the time of TB diagnosis. 75.4% of people with TB-DM were more than 45 years old compared to 50.3% of people with TB-only (p

Date: 2024
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0297342

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297342

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