Long-term health conditions and UK labour market outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

Edward J D Webb, Philip G Conaghan, Max Henderson, Claire Hulme, Sarah R Kingsbury, Theresa Munyombwe, Robert West and Adam Martin

PLOS ONE, 2024, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-23

Abstract: Background: Long-term health conditions can affect labour market outcomes. COVID-19 may have increased labour market inequalities, e.g. due to restricted opportunities for clinically vulnerable people. Evaluating COVID-19’s impact could help target support. Aim: To quantify the effect of several long-term conditions on UK labour market outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare them to pre-pandemic outcomes. Methods: The Understanding Society COVID-19 survey collected responses from around 20,000 UK residents in nine waves from April 2020-September 2021. Participants employed in January/February 2020 with a variety of long-term conditions were matched with people without the condition but with similar baseline characteristics. Models estimated probability of employment, hours worked and earnings. We compared these results with results from a two-year pre-pandemic period. We also modelled probability of furlough and home-working frequency during COVID-19. Results: Most conditions (asthma, arthritis, emotional/nervous/psychiatric problems, vascular/pulmonary/liver conditions, epilepsy) were associated with reduced employment probability and/or hours worked during COVID-19, but not pre-pandemic. Furlough was more likely for people with pulmonary conditions. People with arthritis and cancer were slower to return to in-person working. Few effects were seen for earnings. Conclusion: COVID-19 had a disproportionate impact on people with long-term conditions’ labour market outcomes.

Date: 2024
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0302746

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302746

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