Urdu adaptation and validation of a disease-specific quality-of-life questionnaire in a Pakistani population of Achalasia

Sameen Abbas, Syed Sikandar Shah, Tayyab Saeed Akhhtar, Kiran Hameed, Saima Mushtaq and Amjad Khan

PLOS ONE, 2025, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: Background: Achalasia, a rare esophageal disease marked by dysphagia, impacts health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), measurable by disease-specific tools like achalasia-specific questionnaire (ASQ) that assess symptom severity and QoL. However, to ensure its reliability and validity across different populations, cross-cultural adaptation is necessary. So, for this reason, this study aimed to validate an Urdu-translated version of an ASQ in a Pakistani population of achalasia patients. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study involving 52 participants was conducted at the Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. ASQ was translated into the Urdu language by a forward-backwards translation process with expert input. Validation included factor analysis, known-group techniques, Cronbach’s alpha for reliability, and an independent t-test comparing ASQ scores with Eckardt scores for criterion validity. Results: Among 52 participants (27 males, median age 30 years; 25 females, median age 48 years), 63.5% had Achalasia type I, 26.9% type II, and 9.6% type III. Factor analysis confirmed a well-defined construct with good validity, and internal consistency was strong (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89). The ASQ scores significantly correlated with Eckardt scores (p

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0321933

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321933

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