Growth monitoring and promotion program services utilization patterns between home-based and facility-based delivery methods: A comparative analysis

Muttaquina Hossain, Md Ahshanul Haque, Abu Syed Golam Faruque, Tahmeed Ahmed, Ulla Ashorn and Per Ashorn

PLOS ONE, 2025, vol. 20, issue 6, 1-18

Abstract: Background: In Bangladesh, utilization of government health facility-based growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) services is notably low, prompting non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to collaborate with the government to enhance GMP service utilization through home-based delivery. Despite this, there is limited information available on home-based GMP service utilization. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of GMP services between home-based and facility-based programs and identifying key factors and barriers to caregiver engagement with GMP services in rural Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive mixed-method study was conducted across six sub-districts from August to December 2019. Three sub-districts with home-based GMP services provided by NGOs were compared with three neighboring sub-districts offering government facility-based GMP services. A total of 3038 randomly selected mothers and children under one year old were included in the quantitative part of the study. Quantitative surveys include information on household socio-demographic information, GMP service components, knowledge, utilization, barriers, and qualitative approaches were used for data collection on caregivers and service providers perspectives on GMP services. Descriptive statistics were conducted for sociodemographic characteristics, caregivers’ knowledge, perception and barriers to utilization of GMP services. Student’s t-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables between both GMP arms. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare GMP knowledge. Simple logistic regression identified GMP service use levels and related barriers. Multiple logistic regression was employed to determine statistically significant associations between GMP utilization and independent variables such as caregivers who heard about GMP or GMP cards, were members of an NGO, and lacked interest in GMP services at p-value

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0324918

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324918

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