Integrating genomic epidemiology and deep mutational scanning data for prevalence forecasting of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages

Zhong-yi Lei, Xiao-min Zhang, Jia-lu Han, Ji-guo Xue, Jia-yi Xu, Zi-lin Ren, Yi-gang Tong, Xiao-chen Bo and Ming Ni

PLOS ONE, 2025, vol. 20, issue 11, 1-19

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continuously circulates and the Omicron variants have mutated into over 2,500 lineages, predicting ensuing prevalent lineages and inflections of dominant lineages is of public health significance and study interest. Previous study has integrated genome to forecast lineage prevalence, yet overlooked the functional aspects of mutations; efforts to evaluate the functional effects of individual mutations have not extended to the lineage level. Here, we propose CoVPF, a model integrating both genomic epidemiology and deep mutational scanning (DMS) data for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, to predict the prevalence of Omicron lineages. Retrospective validation demonstrated that CoVPF achieved 20.7% higher accuracy compared to previous study. Furthermore, we found that accounting for epistasis was critical, as ignoring epistasis led to a 43% decrease in forecasting accuracy. Case studies showed that CoVPF delivered more accurate and timely forecasts for lineage expansions and inflections such as EG.5.1 and XBB.1.5. CoVPF provides a paradigm for integrating in vitro functional readouts of the virus and accounting for combinatorial effects of mutations in support of public health efforts in lineage prevalence forecasting.

Date: 2025
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0335520 (text/html)
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id= ... 35520&type=printable (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0335520

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0335520

Access Statistics for this article

More articles in PLOS ONE from Public Library of Science
Bibliographic data for series maintained by plosone ().