Prevalence and severity of anxiety, depression, and stress among optometry students in Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Osamudiamen McHillary Ogiemudia, Bernadine N Ekpenyong, Okechi U Amaechi, Grace Ogbonna, Edith I Daniel-Nwosu, Ngozika Esther Ezinne, Oforbuike Onyebuchi Ike, Kelechi C Ogbuechi and Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu

PLOS ONE, 2026, vol. 21, issue 5, 1-12

Abstract: Purpose: To assess the prevalence and severity of anxiety, depression, and stress among optometry students in Nigeria, and to identify demographic factors associated with mental distress. Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey was administered to optometry students from 10 Nigerian universities between 16 April and 18 November 2024, with an estimated sample size of 427. Mental health status was evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21). Collected data included age, gender, year of study, marital status, and DASS-21 scores. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic characteristics and the prevalence of symptoms. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associations between demographic variables and mental health outcomes, with significance set at p

Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0336195

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336195

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