Rifampicin resistance and associated factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis-suspected patients in the Amhara National Regional State Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia

Tebelay Dilnessa, Feleke Moges, Belay Tessema, Workagegnehu Hailu and Baye Gelaw

PLOS ONE, 2026, vol. 21, issue 6, 1-19

Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge globally, with drug-resistant strains, particularly rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (RR-MTB), which poses serious challenges for treatment and control. Rifampicin resistance is widely recognized as a key surrogate marker for multidrug-resistant MTB and is associated with poor treatment outcomes and increased transmission risk. Ethiopia is among the high-TB-burden countries, and the Amhara National Regional State continues to report significant tuberculosis morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess the prevalence, rifampicin resistance patterns, and associated factors of M. tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis-suspected patients at the Amhara National Regional State Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A multicenter prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among pulmonary tuberculosis-suspected patients attending the Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals from April 2023, to May 2025. Socio-demographic and associated factors data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Sputum was collected and tested using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay to detect M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. Data were entered into SPSS version 28 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between predictors and the prevalence of M. tuberculosis, and rifampicin resistance. Variables with a p-value

Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0351964

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351964

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