HbA1c and pulmonary function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kadek Surya Atmaja, Sri Masyeni, Saraswati Laksmi Dewi and Previyanti Dharma Putri

PLOS ONE, 2026, vol. 21, issue 8, 1-13

Abstract: Background: The lung, although not traditionally been considered a target organ in diabetes, may undergo microvascular and connective tissue changes that are related to poor glycemic control. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate and quantify the association between HbA1c values and pulmonary function in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection from database inception to 25 December 2025. Eligible studies compared spirometric outcomes between adults with type 2 diabetes categorized as having good versus poor glycemic control based on HbA1c. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using mean differences. Results: Individuals with poor glycemic control had significantly lower absolute spirometric volumes. FEV1 was lower in the poor HbA1c group, with a pooled mean difference of –0.16 L (95% CI –0.25 to –0.07; p

Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0355628

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0355628

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