Development and preliminary validation of the Arabic Quality of Life During War Scale (AQOL-War)

Mohamed Fakhry Hussein, Yasmine Yousry Mohamed, Basma Tolba, Suzan Abdel-Rahman, Mahmoud A Abdel-Fattah, Nesma Gamal Elsheikh, Nehal Elkholy, Assem Gebreal, Ayoub Ali Alshaikh, Alaa Yahia Fadle Modawy, Omelhassan Abdelgader Alawad, Randa Bushra Ibrahim Elbushra and Ramy Mohamed Ghazy

PLOS ONE, 2026, vol. 21, issue 10, 1-24

Abstract: Background: War profoundly affects quality of life (QOL) by disrupting daily routines, damaging infrastructure, and creating fear and uncertainty. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate the Arabic Quality of Life During War Scale (AQOL-War). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Sudan during wartime from June 11 to September 10, 2024. Data were collected through an anonymous online survey and face-to-face interviews. Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure the tool’s internal consistency. We assessed face, content, concurrent, and structural validity, along with measurement invariance. Results: Among 635 participants, the mean age was 27.9 ± 9.1 years, 72.1% were females, 65.4% lived in urban areas, 67.1% lived in their own house, 71.5% were single, 70.1% had a university education, 71.7% were not currently employed, 19.2% were from Khartoum State, and 21.3% reported losing a family member during the recent war. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) of 0.889, and Bartlett’s test was significant (χ² = 4965.76, p 1 were extracted with a cumulative variance explained of 41.8%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed satisfactory model fit (χ2 = 831.36, p

Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0358784

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0358784

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