L'éducation dans le Mexique du XVIe siècle

Jacqueline de Durand-Forest

Histoire, économie & société, 1986, vol. 5, issue 3, 331-346

Abstract: [fre] Résumé Un système éducatif rigoureux, dispensé dans des collèges militaires ou religieux, comme dans la famille, fut une des pièces-maîtresses de la rapide hégémonie des Aztèques, accomplissement de leurs ambitions expansionnistes et de la mission cosmique dont ils se sentaient investis. Si admiré qu'il fût par les Espagnols, il ne devait pas survivre à la Conquête. Les Missionnaires, Franciscains surtout, s'efforcèrent d'en substituer un autre : catéchisation de tous les enfants, enseignement plus poussé pour les fils de la noblesse. Le Collège de Tlatelolco, création prématurée et assez éphémère, entendait même former de hauts dignitaires et un clergé indigène. L'Université royale et pontificale de Mexico et les divers collèges jésuites créés ultérieurement n'étaient point destinés aux Indiens. [eng] Abstract The rapid hegemony of the Aztecss resulted not only from their expansionist ambition but also from the cosmic mission with which they thought they were charged. The rigourous education imposed on the children, either in the military or religious colleges or among the family, contributed greatly to this success. Such a system did not survive the conquest. The missionaries, notably the Franciscans, attempted to replace it : by catechizing all the children and by providing the young mexican aristocrats with a higher education. They even created the College of Tlatelolco to educate future officials and indián priests. Later, the royal and pontifical University of Mexico and various Jesuit colleges were founded, but at the time they were not open to the Indians, were not open to the Indians.

Date: 1986
Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1986.1429
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