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L'impact de la guerre de 1914-1918 sur l'industrie mécanique de la Région Parisienne

Toshikatsu Nakajima

Histoire, économie & société, 1993, vol. 12, issue 4, 537-552

Abstract: [fre] Résumé La demande d'obus, de pièces d'artillerie et d'armes portatives provoquée par la Grande Guerre est tellement inattendue que les industriels doivent organiser la fabrication d'une façon extrêmement consommatrice de main-d'œuvre, employant au maximum le matériel existant. Au contraire, la construction de véhicules militaires, notamment de l'aviation, connaît des progrès techniques remarquables, mais le manque de standardisation des produits empêche la véritable innovation dans l'organisation de production. Pour se concentrer sur le fabrication de guerre, les constructeurs français de machines ne peuvent pas produire suffisamment des machines-outils ; ils recourent aux fournisseurs américains, d'où la décadence définitive de cette branche en France. [eng] Abstract The demand of shells, artillery and portable weapons created by the European War was really unexpected to the producers so that they should adopt a very labor-intensive form of manufacture, using the equipment they already had. Riversely, the construction of military vehicles, especially that of airplane, saw remarkable technical progress. But the poor standardization of products prevented industrialists pursuing their organizational innovations. For the sake of military production, French machine builders should sacrifice their machine tool fabrication. Their dependence on American manufacturers during the war resulted in the ultimate decline of this branch in France.

Date: 1993
Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1993.1690
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