Un cas de croissance économique en zone marginale: la Syrie du nord

Georges Tate

Histoire, économie & société, 1997, vol. 16, issue 3, 353-359

Abstract: [fre] Résumé Le Massif calcaire de la Syrie du Nord et la zone basaltique dont les plateaux s'étendent à l'Est sont des régions « marginales » car les sols couvrent des surfaces réduites dans le premier tandis que la pluviométrie est faible dans la seconde. Les ruines de villages qui subsistent dans ces deux zones montrent que le Nord de la Syrie a connu deux phases d'expansion aux époques romaine et byzantine : expansion quantitative, démographique et économique, dès le Ier siècle dans le massif calcaire, à partir du IVe siècle en zone basaltique ; expansion qualitative dans le massif calcaire aux Ve et VIe siècles du fait de l'enrichissement de paysans dont les exploitations sont de plus en plus exiguës. Nous avons donc, dans le Nord de la Syrie, l'exemple, rare dans l'Antiquité romano-byzantine, d'une petite paysannerie libre capable d'accumuler des surplus. [eng] Abstract The calcareous massif in the North of Syria, and the basaltic area whose plateaux extend to the East, are marginal areas, because in the one only a reduced surface area is covered in soil, and in the other the rainfall level is weak. The ruins of villages which remain in the two areas show that the North of Syria had experienced two phases of expansion during the Roman and Byzantine eras. Firstly a quantitative, demographic and economic expansion took place as early as the 1st Century in the calcareous massif, and from the 4th Century onwards in the basaltic area. A second quantitative expansion took place in the calcareous massif during the 5th and 6th Centuries, due to the growing enrichment of farmers whose lands were more and more exiguous. It is possible to see therefore, in the North of Syria, a rare example in Roman and Byzantine Antiquity of a small farming community able to accumulate surplus stock.

Date: 1997
Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1997.1951
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