L'inévitable restructuration des coopératives agricoles (LPG) dans l'ex-RDA

Benoît Petit

Économie rurale, 1993, vol. 214, issue 1, 62-67

Abstract: [eng] The inevitable restructuration of the agricultural cooperatives in the ex - GDR . 1. The German re-unification brings to the former German Democratic Republic (GRD) an unprecedented development : a new legislation, an agricultural reform, a new labor and productive cooperatives status, a re-distribution of land. Land as well as capital have then to be considered as new economics and social important stakes. A news law for the restructuration of enterprises provides the implementation of private economy. II. The end of the soviet model : In the course of 1972 used by cooperatives of class III is greater than that of cooperatives class I and II. Land was reduced to a means of production that was detained by the cooperatives and/or the state. Local taxation is introduced on the basis of past productivity evaluations. This tax takes equally into account the distance to the market and the reasoning of L. v. Thünen, a marginal cost analyst, who began to be rehabilitated by historians in the middle of the 1980s. III. What kind of status for the land : private or cooperative ? In 1991 there were about 600 failures in the field of agriculture. The law allowed until 31/12/1991 for the cooperatives to disappear. In so doing they had to chose between several juridical models fora market economy integration. [fre] I. La réunification allemande apporte à l'ancienne RDA un processus unique dans l'histoire : une nouvelle législation, une réforme agricole, un nouveau statut pour les agriculteurs et les coopératives agricoles, une restructuration de la distribution de la terre. Celle-ci et le capital deviennent un enjeu politique central qui prennent une signification économique et sociale importante. Une nouvelle loi pour la restructuration des entreprises prévoit l'implantation de l'économie privée. II. La fin du modèle soviétique. La surface agricole utile des coopératives de type II en 1972. Un impôt foncier est introduit sur les calculs passés d'évaluation de la fertilité. Il prend en compte les distances par rapport au passé et le raisonnement de L. V. Thùnen, théoricien marginaliste qui commence à être réhabilité dans les années 1980. III. Quel statut pour la terre : privé ou coopératif ? Un an après l'unification, il y a eu plus de 600 faillites de coopératives dans l'agriculture. La loi donne jusqu'au 31/12/91 pour que les coopératives se transforment. Elles peuvent choisir entre divers modèles juridiques.

Date: 1993
Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1993.4535
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