Influence of National Origins on the Strategy of Multinational Enterprise

Raymond Vernon

Revue Économique, 1972, vol. 23, issue 4, 547-562

Abstract: [fre] Les grandes entreprises des pays les plus développés ont tendance à élargir l'envergure de leur multinationalisme. Cette tendance générale est, en partie, une réaction de défense, une réaction contre la diminution du niveau de protec­tion que représentaient, auparavant, les frontières nationales. Cependant la nationalité des grandes entreprises ainsi que leur environnement national influencent énormément la stratégie qu'elles adoptent pour diminuer les facteurs de risque et d'incertitude. Dans certains cas, les conditions d'environnement national ont poussé des entreprises à rechercher la sécurité au moyen d'accords privés res­trictifs et d'appuis gouvernementaux. Dans d'autres conditions, des entreprises ont envisagé une intégration verticale et la diversification des produits et des marchés comme moyen principal de réduire le facteur de risque. Les différences entre les Etats-Unis et l'Europe, à ce point de vue, sont toujours très nettes ainsi que celles qui existent entre les différents pays européens. [eng] Influence of national origins on the strategy of multinational enterprises . . The largest enterprises in most advanced countries are becoming more multinational in scope. This common tendency is partly a defensive reaction, a réaction to the decline in the level of protection that national boundaries previously provided. Nevertheless, the strategy of large enterprises in reducing uncertainty and risk is greatly affected by their national origins and home environment. Some home environments have conditioned enterprises to strive for security by means of restrictive private agreements and governmental support. Other environments have obliged enterprises to look to vertical integration and diversification of products and markets as the major means of reducing risk. The differences between the United States and Europe in these respects continue to be pronounced, as are the differences between various European countries. ronments have obliged enterprises to look to vertical integration and diversification of products and markets as the major means of reducing risk. The differences between the United States and Europe in these respects continue to be pronounced, as are the differences between various European countries.

Date: 1972
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