Au XIXe siècle: industrialisation linéaire ou industrialisation par bonds ?

Marcel Gillet

Revue Économique, 1972, vol. 23, issue 5, 723-752

Abstract: [eng] The XIXth century : gradual or spasmodic industrialization ?. . Since 1945, numerous French historians of economics, under the impulse of Ernest Labrousse, have probed deeper info the analysis of social structures and cyclical movements. But Walt W. Rostow presented, a growth analysis according to which industrialization would have been insured by short "take off" periods. On the other hand, J. Marczewsci and T.J. Markovitch present French industrialization in the XIXth century as a slow and quite regular process ; the specialists of the New Economic History have made similar revisions as regards the United States. Maurice Levy-Leboyer thinks therefore that it is high time to cross out some results which are yet considered as classical in France.. The index of industrial production in France from 1815 to 1914, established by Francois Crouzet shows the importance of the leap performed between 1830 and 1860. Jean Bouvier, François Furet and myself, in Le mouvement du profit en France au XIXe siècle (1965) have emphasized the great pendulum swings. We may hope that economists and historians should unite their efforts in order to test the following hypothesis, formulated in the line of our study on Le bassin houiller du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais de 1815 1914 (1971) : the XIXth century would have witnessed the genesis of growth and the abortion of development. of the New Economic History have made similar revisions as regards the United States. Maurice Levy-Leboyer thinks therefore that it is high time to cross out some results which are yet considered as classical in France.. The index of industrial production in France from 1815 to 1914, established by Francois Crouzet shows the importance of the leap performed between 1830 and 1860. Jean Bouvier, François Furet and myself, in Le mouvement du profit en France au XIXe siècle (1965) have emphasized the great pendulum swings. We may hope that economists and historians should unite their efforts in order to test the following hypothesis, formulated in the line of our study on Le bassin houiller du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais de 1815 1914 (1971) : the XIXth century would have witnessed the genesis of growth and the abortion of development. [fre] Au XIXe siècle : industrialisation lineaire ou industrialisation par bonds ?. . Depuis 1945, beaucoup d'historiens économistes français, sous l'impulsion d'Ernest Labrousse, ont approfondi l'analyse des structures sociales et des mouvements conjoncturels. Mais Walt W. Rostow a présenté une analyse de la croissance selon laquelle l'industrialisation aurait été assurée grâce à de brèves périodes de take-off. Les travaux de J. Marczewski et de T.J. Markovitch ne vont guère dans ce sens puisqu'ils présentent la croissance française du XIXe siècle comme lente et assez irrégulière ; les spécialistes de la New Economic History ont opéré une révision semblable quant au cas américain. Maurice Lévy-Leboyer pense donc qu'il est temps de tirer un trait sur des résultats considérés pourtant en France comme classiques.. L'indice de la production industrielle en France de 1815 à 1914, établi par François Crouzet, montre l'importance du bond effectué de 1830 à 1860. Jean Bouvier, François Furet et moi-même avons dans Le mouvement du profit en France au XIXe siècle (1965) souligné les grandes oscillations pendulaires. Peut-être peut-on souhaiter qu'économistes et historiens unissent leurs efforts pour tester l'hypothèse suivante, formulée dans la ligne de notre étude sur Le bassin houiller du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais de 1815 à 1914 (1971) : le XIXe siècle aurait vu la genèse d'une croissance et l'avortement d'un développement.

Date: 1972
Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1972.408049
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