La rente et l'étalon avec ressource rare homogène

Paul Vidonne

Revue Économique, 1977, vol. 28, issue 5, 832-848

Abstract: [fre] L'auteur montre que ce modèle, accepté jusqu'à maintenant, répond à des exigences plus mathématiques qu'économiques. Il démontre que la nature de la rente qui en résulte est un hybride de la rente absolue et différentielle : en effet, Sraffa fait supporter la rente par chaque technique, ce qui la conduit à être une composante du prix, contrairement à la tradition ricardienne. De plus, cette formalisation entraîne la présence de composantes négatives dans l'étalon, ce qui perturbe la relation profit-salaire.. La critique repose sur l'hypothèse de la concurrence des capitaux. L'auteur montre que celle-ci conduit à un taux de profit supérieur à celui qui résulte du modèle de Sraffa.. Le modèle ensuite proposé maintient un taux de profit plus élevé, explique la rente qui redevient purement différentielle et rétablit un étalon à composantes purement positives. Mais il exige que chaque fermier divise son capital entre deux techniques. Cette nécessaire conséquence constitue un point d'interrogation. [eng] Rent and standard in the case of homogeneous and scare resource. . The theory of rent has become again an important problem. Tins paper, placed within the framework of production price theory, questions the validity of Sraffa's model. . The author shows that this model, generally accepted up until now, answers more to mathematical conditions that to economic one. He demonstrates that Sraffa's rent is a hybrid between absolute and differential rent. He shows that in this model, the rent is created by each technique. It consequently becomes one of the elements of price, to the contrary of the ricardian tradition.. Moreover, this formalisation leads to the introduction of negative eléments into the standard, therefore disturbing the relation between wages and profits. The critivism is based on the hypothesis of the competition of capitals. The author points out that this competition leads to a rate of profit greater than that resulting from Sraffa's model.. A new model proposed by the author, maintains a righ rate of profit, contains a purely differential rent and gives a standard of positive component only. This therefore raises the question of its capacitif to represent reality.

Date: 1977
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