Le phénomène de désindustrialisation et la Communauté Européenne

Alexis Jacquemin

Revue Économique, 1979, vol. 30, issue 6, 985-999

Abstract: [fre] Le but de cet article est de présenter une première synthèse des principaux critères de dés-industrialisation et des problématiques qui y correspondent, dans le contexte de la Communauté Européenne. Ce faisant, il est suggéré que les approches macro­économiques ont, en la matière, perdu beaucoup de leur intérêt au profit d'une approche plus désagrégée, allant jusqu'au niveau microéconomique de la firme et du produit.. Trois aspects du phénomène sont analysés : la contraction relative (voire absolue) de l'emploi industriel, une réduction relative de la production industrielle (à prix courant et/ou en termes réels), un déséquilibre plus ou moins persistant des balan­ces commerciales.. Les perspectives et les limites d'une stratégie industrielle commune sont finalement dégagées. [eng] The phenomenon of de-industrialisation and the europe an community. . The purpose of this paper is to survey the main arguments which have been put forward to explain the dangers of a European de-industrialisation and to discuss them.. Through this analysis; the limits of a macroeconomic outlook and the necessity of a very disaggregated approach are suggested.. Three dimensions of the phenomenon are analysed : the changes in the proportions of manufacturing employment in total employment for European countries, the movement in the share of manufacturing output in GDP, at current and ut constant prices, the evolution of the shares in the world expotts of manufactures. These aspects are closely connected as the shift away from manufacturing has implications for the balance of payments, and as services may not to he able to earn sufficient foreign currency nor to protide enough job a in the future. H is shown that in order to react positively to such a process of de-industrialisation, it is necessary to develop an indu.ftrial strategy at the product level, taking into account non-price factors as ivell as criterùi based upon price competitiveness.

Date: 1979
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