Contribution à l'étude des rapports entre Etat et travail salarié

Lysiane Cartelier

Revue Économique, 1980, vol. 31, issue 1, 67-87

Abstract: [eng] Contribution to the study of the connection between the state and salaried labour. This paper contribute to a rnarxist approach of the question of the State under capitalism, breaking off with the functionnalism of the social Reproduction, where the State is viewed as a response to the capital's requirements. Our hypothesis is that the State can only be understood when connected with the Commodity, as a social form of private Works, a view which brings about research into the wage-relation. The wage-relation is considered here not as an exchange relation between equivalents, but as a relation of submission, which, by socializing individuals as « evaluated workers », establishes Social Authority. This is why what we call State control is the kind of submission which is built in the wage-relation, and State the social aspects, as a whole, of the integration of individuals into exchange-relations. More generally, the State is considered as the specific place and form geared to making individuals into social beings. [fre] Cet article propose des éléments pour une approche marxiste de la question de l'Etat dans le capitalisme, qui rompe avec l'optique fonctionnaliste de la Repro­duction sociale et de l'Etat comme réponse aux besoins du capital. Notre hypothèse est que l'Etat n'est intelligible que rapporté à la marchandise, comme forme sociale des travaux privés, ce qui conduit à rechercher ses fondements dans le rapport salarial. Le rapport salarial est présenté ici non comme un rapport d'échanges entre équivalents, mais comme un rapport de soumission qui, en socialisant les individus sous la figure particulière de « travailleurs évalués », constitue eri lui-même un principe d'autorité. C'est pourquoi, on appelle étatique le type de soumission contenu dans le rapport salarial et Etat l'ensemble des formes sociales d'inscription des individus dans les rapports marchands. Plus généralement l'Etat est appréhendé comme lieu et forme particuliers de production des individus comme êtres sociaux.

Date: 1980
Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1980.408513
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