La formation du chômage comme catégorie: le moment des années 1930

Robert Salais

Revue Économique, 1985, vol. 36, issue 2, 321-366

Abstract: [eng] The forming of unemployment as a category during the thirties. Robert Salais. Modern unemployment is the outcome of two social processes which interact, yet which are not identical : industrialization and urbanization. The position of the unemployed individual was defined at the same time as was the position of wage-earners within large firms. This was characterized by a new organization of work time and by a new kind of relationship, more collective and institutional, between the worker and the firm. The need to cut back on industrial staff then meant, in the crisis of the 1930s, lay-offs and unemployment. However, the emergence of the category of unemployment also depended on social procedures of registration. This existed in cities, through activity of relief funds. Also, it was in cities that the intervention of the state and city government and trade unions, through or in connection with these relief funds, gave a difinite form to the position of the unemployed. [fre] Le chômage moderne est le produit de deux processus sociaux qui interfèrent sans se confondre : l'industrialisation et l'urbanisation. La position de chômeur se constitue en même temps que le rapport salarial dans la grande entreprise. Celui-ci se caractérise par une nouvelle organisation du temps et par le nouveau type de lien, plus collectif et plus institutionnel, qui s'établit entre l'ouvrier et l'entreprise. La nécessité de réduire les effectifs industriels signifie alors, dans la crise des années trente, licenciement et chômage.. Mais l'émergence de la catégorie de chômage dépend aussi de procédures sociales d'enregistrement. Celles-ci sont en place dans les villes, par l'activité des fonds de secours. Aussi est-ce surtout là que l'intervention de l'Etat, des municipalités et des syndicats par et autour de ces fonds de secours, donne forme à la position de chômeur.

Date: 1985
Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1985.408843
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://doi.org/10.3406/reco.1985.408843 (text/html)
https://www.persee.fr/doc/reco_0035-2764_1985_num_36_2_408843 (text/html)
Data and metadata provided by Persée are licensed under a Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0" License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1985_num_36_2_408843

Access Statistics for this article

Revue Économique is currently edited by Presses de Sciences-Po

More articles in Revue Économique from Programme National Persée
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Equipe PERSEE ().