Impact of Leadership Styles on Physical Therapy Clinic Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement and the Moderating Effect of Organizational Culture

Muhammad Usman Khan, Atta Muhammad, Farkhunda Feroz, Saiqa Jalil, Humaira Fatima, Sain, Javeria Dawood and Sheikh Arooba Younus
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Muhammad Usman Khan: Principal ZCPT, Ziauddin University
Atta Muhammad: Assistant Professor, Ziauddin University
Farkhunda Feroz: Lecturer, Ziauddin University
Saiqa Jalil: Senior Lecturer, Ziauddin University
Humaira Fatima: Physiotherapist, Ziauddin Hospital
Sain: Lecturer, Ziauddin University
Javeria Dawood: Physiotherapist, Ziauddin Hospital
Sheikh Arooba Younus: Physiotherapist, Ziauddin Hospital

Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 2024, vol. 13, issue 2, 1012-1017

Abstract: This study examines the impact of leadership styles—transformational, transactional, and servant leadership—on the performance of physical therapy clinics in Pakistan, with a focus on the mediating role of employee engagement and the moderating effect of organizational culture. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 350 employees across various clinics and analyzed using Smart PLS 4.0. The findings reveal that all three leadership styles positively influence clinic performance, with employee engagement playing a critical mediating role. The study also highlights that organizational culture, whether supportive, hierarchical, or innovative, moderates the relationship between employee engagement and clinic performance. These results suggest that leadership styles that foster employee engagement and align with the clinic's cultural context are crucial for improving key performance indicators such as patient satisfaction, treatment success rates, and financial outcomes. The study's limitations include the use of convenience sampling and a cross-sectional design, which may affect the generalizability and temporal stability of the findings. The practical implications emphasize the need for targeted leadership development and cultural initiatives to enhance clinic performance. This research contributes to the understanding of how leadership styles and organizational culture interact to influence performance in healthcare settings.

Keywords: Leadership Styles; Transformational Leadership; Transactional Leadership; Servant Leadership; Employee Engagement; Organizational Culture; Clinic Performance; Physical Therapy Clinics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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