The Migration–Immigration Link in Canada's Gateway Cities: A Comparative Study of Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver

Feng Hou and Larry S Bourne
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Feng Hou: Business and Labour Market Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0T6, Canada
Larry S Bourne: Department of Geography and Program in Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada

Environment and Planning A, 2006, vol. 38, issue 8, 1505-1525

Abstract: In this paper we explore the links between internal migration and international immigration in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas. In particular, we use a place-specific approach to test the displacement hypothesis that the migration behaviour of the less-well-educated native-born population is sensitive to the inflows of immigrants. Based on analyses of microdata from five consecutive censuses covering the period from 1981 to 2001, we find that the migration–immigration relationships are complex, often subtle, and inconsistent across the three cities. Growth in the immigrant population is correlated with an increased out-migration rate among the less-well-educated native-born population, but only in Toronto and Vancouver. This correlation, however, is not independent of changes in housing prices. We also find no consistent support for an alternative hypothesis that economic restructuring accounts for the net out-migration from immigrant gateway cities.

Date: 2006
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:envira:v:38:y:2006:i:8:p:1505-1525

DOI: 10.1068/a37246

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