A Discrete Choice Approach to Modeling Food Store Access

Amy Hillier, Tony Smith, Carolyn C Cannuscio, Allison Karpyn and Karen Glanz
Additional contact information
Amy Hillier: Department of City and Regional Planning, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, 127 Meyerson Hall, 210 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Tony Smith: Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 274 Towne Building, 220 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315, USA
Carolyn C Cannuscio: Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Anatomy Chemistry Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6011, USA
Allison Karpyn: The Food Trust, 1617 John F Kennedy Blvd #900, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
Karen Glanz: Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 801 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA

Environment and Planning B, 2015, vol. 42, issue 2, 263-278

Abstract: Assessments of access to healthful food frequently use GIS to measure the distance and concentration of food outlets relative to where residents live. These descriptive approaches do not account for food shopping behavior, which may vary based on the attributes of food shoppers and their activity space—places where they live, work, access resources, and socialize. Building on transportation research about accessibility, we reframe the issue of food access and equity from one about ‘what is nearby?’ to ‘where do people shop?’. We use a conditional logit model to analyze disaggregate data from a door-to-door survey of food shopping choice and food store surveys conducted in a predominantly non-Hispanic Black and middle-income and low-income section of Philadelphia. Our results highlight the importance of distance from home to food stores, overall, but they also emphasize the influence on food store choice of the race and sex of food shoppers, travel mode, and where they spend time other than at home, as well as food prices and the availability of healthful foods. This approach to understanding food access holds promise for future research that can link store choice to specific food purchases and health outcomes as well as for refining place-based strategies for improving access to healthful foods.

Keywords: food access; supermarkets; GIS; discrete choice; Philadelphia; food deserts; NEMS-S (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:envirb:v:42:y:2015:i:2:p:263-278

DOI: 10.1068/b39136

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