1950 India–Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship and Regional Mobilisations in Eastern India

Samir Sharma
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Samir Sharma: Samir Sharma is Assistant Professor and Head of Department (Political Science) at St Joseph’s College, North Point, Darjeeling (WB), India. His recent publications include ‘Nepal, China and the Belt and Road Initiative’ (2022) in the journal India Quarterly (co-authored) and ‘The North Remembers! Virtual Publics and Limits of Digital Interventions in the Darjeeling Hills’ in the journal Studies in Nepali History and Society (2022). He is currently co-editing a volume discussing the critical intersections of digital governance and digital politics in South Asia, and is interested in India–China studies, issues of citizenship, federalism and digital/virtual spaces.

India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs, 2023, vol. 79, issue 1, 79-92

Abstract: Regional demands for statehood in India have had an aspiration towards a ‘nationalisation’ of their issues in the hopes of accommodation. In the case of the Gorkhaland movement for separate statehood in northern West Bengal, the competition among regional forces to occupy and share a ‘national political space’ from the ‘margins’ has fuelled the increasing employment of debates regarding international treaty obligations. While there are numerous factors that are the causes of regional political mobilisation, the demand for the abrogation of Article VII of the India–Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship (1950) has nevertheless remained as one of its central themes. This symbolises an accentuation in the anxieties of citizenship and belonging to the nation. Examining these amid the important issues relating to unsuccessful invocations from Nepal for a Brihat Nepal (Greater Nepal), and the constitution of the Eminent Persons Group (EPG) for India–Nepal relations, the article concludes that there will not be any radical change in the status quo of India’s international treaty obligations with Nepal despite repeated demands by regional actors in India. This is indicated in an elusive ‘permanent political solution’ declared by the ruling party in India as a response to the regional political mobilisation that will possibly depart from the debates that invoke and demand transformations to India’s treaty obligations with Nepal.

Keywords: Borderlands; Darjeeling hills; Nepal; Treaty of Peace and Friendship (1950); Gorkhaland (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:indqtr:v:79:y:2023:i:1:p:79-92

DOI: 10.1177/09749284221147180

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