Slavery, Economic Freedom, and Income Levels in the Former Slave-exporting States of Africa

Travis Wiseman

Public Finance Review, 2018, vol. 46, issue 2, 224-248

Abstract: This article investigates the relationships among slavery, economic freedom, and economic development across former slave-exporting states in Africa, using country-level slave export data from Nunn, the Fraser Institute’s Economic Freedom of the World index, and per capita real gross domestic product (GDP) from the Maddison Project database. Recent studies document a negative link between slavery and present-day income. This study takes an additional step, aiming to connect slavery, institutions, and economic performance by testing whether the early institutions of slavery work through current institutions to affect modern incomes. I attempt to support this relationship using slave exports as an instrument for institutions in two-stage least squares income regressions. Results demonstrate a strong, positive relationship between economic freedom and present-day income. Further, based on tests of overidentifying restrictions, I cannot safely reject instrument validity. These findings, taken together, suggest that institutions likely serve as a conduit for the influence of slavery on incomes today.

Keywords: instrumental variables; economic freedom; economic development; economic history; comparative analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://pfr.sagepub.com/content/46/2/224.abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:pubfin:v:46:y:2018:i:2:p:224-248

Access Statistics for this article

More articles in Public Finance Review
Bibliographic data for series maintained by SAGE Publications ().