Exploring the Hypothesis of Ethnic Practice as Social Capital: Violence Among Asian/Pacific Islander Youth in Hawaii

James H. Spencer, Katherine Irwin, Karen N. Umemoto, Orlando Garcia-Santiago, Stephanie T. Nishimura, Earl S. Hishinuma and Soojean Choi-Misailidis
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James H. Spencer: Department of Political Science, University of Hawaii, USA, jhs@hawaii.edu
Katherine Irwin: Department of Sociology, University of Hawaii, USA
Karen N. Umemoto: Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Hawaii, USA
Orlando Garcia-Santiago: Department of Sociology, University of Hawaii, USA
Stephanie T. Nishimura: Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii, USA
Earl S. Hishinuma: Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii, USA
Soojean Choi-Misailidis: Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii, USA

International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2009, vol. 55, issue 6, 506-524

Abstract: Background: Studies of youth violence have usually examined social capital using qualitative methods, but remain limited by small sample sizes. In addition, few studies examine violence among Asian/Pacific Islander (API) youth, even though they are one of the fastest-growing youth populations in the USA. Aims: To contribute to a better understanding of culture and ethnicity in youth violence among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders by quantifying ethnic forms of social capital. Methods: We use an n = 326 sample of three API groups from Oahu, Hawaii. Defining social capital as ethnic practice, we test Filipino, Hawaiian and Samoan forms of youth social capital on intimate and non-intimate violence. Results: Bivariate findings associate lower violence with language ability among Filipinos, coming-of-age practices among Hawaiians, and community leader engagement among Samoans. Multivariate tests showed language to be the strongest correlation. Bivariate tests also suggested potentially risky forms of social capital. Conclusions: Results lead us to hypothesize that social capital that deliberately places individuals within their respective ethnic communities are risk-reducing, as are those that promote formal ethnic community structures. Those that formalize ethnic practice and social capital into commercial activities may be associated with higher risk of violence. Given the relatively small sample size and the exploratory approach for the present investigation, further research is needed to determine whether the findings can be replicated and to extend the findings of the present preliminary study.

Keywords: social capital; Asian/Pacific Islanders; youth violence; ethnicity; health disparities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:55:y:2009:i:6:p:506-524

DOI: 10.1177/0020764008094429

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