Testing the Empirical Link between Tourism and Competitiveness: Evidence from Puerto Rico

Robertico Croes and Manuel Antonio Rivera
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Robertico Croes: Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, 9907 Universal Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32819-8701, USA
Manuel Antonio Rivera: International School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Universidad del Este, Puerto Rico

Tourism Economics, 2010, vol. 16, issue 1, 217-234

Abstract: This study examines the empirical relationship between tourism and the competitiveness of a destination. It uses the cointegration and error correction model (ECM) in a bivariate context as a precondition to apply the Granger causality test. This procedure was carried out in the case of Puerto Rico's tourism industry during 1960–2004. The study found cointegration in the intertemporal rather than the contemporaneous effects, as well as a one-directional causality running from changes in tourism spending to changes in competitiveness. This result highlights the long-run equilibrium spending behaviour of tourists as a major concern of destination managers.

Keywords: competitiveness; tourism spending; error correction model; cointegration; Granger causality; Puerto Rico (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2010
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:toueco:v:16:y:2010:i:1:p:217-234

DOI: 10.5367/000000010790872114

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