Understanding urban gentrification through machine learning

Jonathan Reades, Jordan De Souza and Phil Hubbard
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Jonathan Reades: King’s College London, UK
Jordan De Souza: King’s College London, UK
Phil Hubbard: King’s College London, UK

Urban Studies, 2019, vol. 56, issue 5, 922-942

Abstract: Recent developments in the field of machine learning offer new ways of modelling complex socio-spatial processes, allowing us to make predictions about how and where they might manifest in the future. Drawing on earlier empirical and theoretical attempts to understand gentrification and urban change, this paper shows it is possible to analyse existing patterns and processes of neighbourhood change to identify areas likely to experience change in the future. This is evidenced through an analysis of socio-economic transition in London neighbourhoods (based on 2001 and 2011 Census variables) which is used to predict those areas most likely to demonstrate ‘uplift’ or ‘decline’ by 2021. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of such modelling for the understanding of gentrification processes, noting that if qualitative work on gentrification and neighbourhood change is to offer more than a rigorous post-mortem then intensive, qualitative case studies must be confronted with – and complemented by – predictions stemming from other, more extensive approaches. As a demonstration of the capabilities of machine learning, this paper underlines the continuing value of quantitative approaches in understanding complex urban processes such as gentrification.

Keywords: census; gentrification; London; machine learning; neighbourhood change; principal components; quantitative geography; random forests; äººå £æ™®æŸ¥; 绅士化; 伦敦; 机器学ä¹; ç¤¾åŒºå ˜åŒ–; ä¸»è¦ ç»„æˆ éƒ¨åˆ†; å®šé‡ åœ°ç †; éš æœºæ£®æž— (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:56:y:2019:i:5:p:922-942

DOI: 10.1177/0042098018789054

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