The Fatherhood Premium or the Fatherhood Penalty? It Depends on the Type of Marriage You’re in: The Case of Slovakia 2009 through 2018

Drahomíra Zajíèková () and Miroslav Zajíèek
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Drahomíra Zajíèková: Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Law and Social Science
Miroslav Zajíèek: Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Law and Social Science
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Drahomíra Zajíčková and Miroslav Zajicek

Journal of Economics / Ekonomicky casopis, 2022, vol. 70, issue 7-8, 646-677

Abstract: The study provides estimates of the fatherhood premium for Slovakia from 2009 through 2018 using data from the EU SILC survey. We found that a raw fatherhood premium amounted to 22.26% from 2009 through 2018. However, when controlling for demographic and human capital characteristics, the premium declines to 4.90%. When accounting for the effects of partnership, the premium turns into the fatherhood penalty of 7.31%. We also show that the fatherhood premium depends on the household division of labour. For dual-earner families, fatherhood results in a penalty on fathers’ incomes that amounts to 9.23% (7.87% when controlled for demographic and human capital characteristics). However, this outcome is driven by two lowest deciles of male income distribution. The effect of fatherhood on men’s incomes in the male-breadwinner model when the wife fully cares for the home and parental duties (as well as high income fathers in dual-earners families) is exactly the opposite. The fatherhood premium amounts to 21.79% (7.22% when controlled for demographic and human capital characteristics).

Keywords: fatherhood; fatherhood premium; gender; labour market; EU SILC (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D10 J24 J30 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sav:journl:v:70:y:2022:i:7-8:p:646-677

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