Under Pressure: Anxiety, Depression, and Burnout Among Women Leaders and its Impact on Entrepreneurial Performance

Manuel Ruiz-Adame () and Martínez-Rodríguez, Susana ()

Revista Galega de Economía, 2025, vol. 34, issue 3, 1-24

Abstract: This study examines the psychological challenges faced by women in business leadership positions, focusing on anxiety, depression, and burnout among female entrepreneurs and executives in Spain (N=199). Using the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale and Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire, the research reveals significant findings: 77.89% of participants exhibited anxiety symptoms, while depressive symptoms were less prevalent but notable, with 71.36% reporting energy deficits. The sample comprised highly educated women (82.41% with tertiary degrees) averaging 47.01 years of age and 19.57 years of professional experience. While burnout levels were generally low, presenteeism affected 53.54% of participants, with self-reported work performance averaging 73.5/100. The study addresses a critical gap in empirical research on mood disorders among female leaders, demonstrating how emotional and psychological pressures impact managerial performance. The findings underscore the need for mental health policies encompassing both organisational and considerations related to the work environment.

Keywords: Women entrepreneurship; Gender; Health economics; Mood disorders; Presenteeism; Absenteeism; Resilience (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J16 M12 M14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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