Environmental challenge of vehicle dispatching in marine container drayage

Etsuko Nishimura (), Stratos Papadimitriou (), Koichi Shintani () and Akio Imai ()
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Etsuko Nishimura: Kobe University
Stratos Papadimitriou: University of Piraeus
Koichi Shintani: Tokai University
Akio Imai: Kobe University

Annals of Operations Research, 2025, vol. 351, issue 1, No 38, 1049-1107

Abstract: Abstract In marine container drayage (CD), which refers to the transport of goods over a short distance, empty containers (ECs) are required to be transported long distances between a terminal and a shipper/consignee by conventional transportation. This causes truck traffic congestion in harbor districts that increases CO2 emissions (CO2EM). This study addresses the vehicle dispatch problem with respect to the environmental impact of marine CD, considering the tractor dwell time is long at the customer site due to cumbersome container loading/unloading (L/U). We model this problem as an extended version of the vehicle routing problem with precedence constraints to minimize the total CO2 weighted travel distance. To improve CD operation in long L/U time, we propose a new practice for CD operations. Additionally, we develop a mixed integer programing model (MIP) for the new practice representation, and propose a Simulated Annealing (SA) based heuristic approach to solving the new practice instance. By implementing our proposed new operation, in a long L/U time, the CO2EM, EC move and number of tractors required can also be reduced by allowing uncoupled tractor move.

Keywords: Vehicle routing; Container drayage; CO2 emissions; Tractor dwell time; Mixed integer programing; Simulated annealing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s10479-024-06137-8

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