Lentil Hydrothermal Carbonization: A Dual Solution for Water Purification and Growth Enhancement

Taher Diab, Ahmad Hejazi, Muhamad Hugerat, Sare Asli and Mahmud Diab ()
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Taher Diab: Al Farabi Junior High School
Ahmad Hejazi: Al Farabi Junior High School
Muhamad Hugerat: The Academic Arab College for Education in Israel
Sare Asli: The Galilee Society
Mahmud Diab: The Academic Arab College for Education in Israel

Circular Economy and Sustainability, 2025, vol. 5, issue 3, 2373-2385

Abstract: Abstract Amid growing concerns regarding water quality and food security, our study pioneers a dual-purpose approach utilizing the lentil hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) approach. We present activated carbon derived from lentils, showcasing exceptional efficiency with a remarkable > 99% removal of Methylene Blue (MB), starting with an initial concentration of 4.4 µg/ml. Optimization of activation parameters revealed a straightforward and environmentally friendly process, eliminating the need for an inert atmosphere. The kinetic study emphasized a close alignment with a first-order reaction model, with a rate constant of 0.127 $$\:{s}^{-1}$$ . The activated carbon’s performance was further evaluated for its ability to remove food dyes, achieving removal efficiencies of 32% for red dye and 65% for green dye. Finally, the lentil-derived supernatant, a byproduct of HTC, proved instrumental in promoting hydroponic maize growth, manifesting significant improvements in shoot and root parameters, increasing their weight by 94% and 200%, respectively. This study presents an innovative and sustainable solution at the confluence of water purification and agricultural enrichment, contributing to the global discourse on resource efficiency and waste minimization.

Keywords: Hydrothermal carbonization; Activated carbon; Water purification; Agricultural growth promotion; Circular economy; Lentils; Dye removal; Sustainable solutions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s43615-025-00503-9

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