International Trends in Adverse Drug Event-Related Mortality from 2001 to 2019: An Analysis of the World Health Organization Mortality Database from 54 Countries

Toshihiro Koyama, Shunya Iinuma, Michio Yamamoto, Takahiro Niimura, Yuka Osaki, Sayoko Nishimura, Ko Harada, Yoshito Zamami and Hideharu Hagiya ()
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Toshihiro Koyama: Okayama University
Shunya Iinuma: Okayama University
Michio Yamamoto: Osaka University
Takahiro Niimura: Tokushima University Graduate School
Yuka Osaki: Okayama University
Sayoko Nishimura: Okayama University
Ko Harada: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel
Yoshito Zamami: Okayama University Hospital
Hideharu Hagiya: Okayama University Hospital

Drug Safety, 2024, vol. 47, issue 3, No 5, 237-249

Abstract: Abstract Background and Objective Adverse drug events (ADEs) are becoming a significant public health issue. However, reports on ADE-related mortality are limited to national-level evaluations. Therefore, we aimed to reveal overall trends in ADE-related mortality across the 21st century on an international level. Methods This observational study analysed long-term trends in ADE-related mortality rates from 2001 to 2019 using the World Health Organization Mortality Database. The rates were analysed according to sex, age and region. North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Western Pacific regions were assessed. Fifty-four countries were included with four-character International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes in the database, population data in the World Population Prospects 2019 report, mortality data in more than half of the study period, and high-quality or medium-quality death registration data. A locally weighted regression curve was used to show international trends in age-standardised rates. Results The global ADE-related mortality rate per 100,000 population increased from 2.05 (95% confidence interval 0.92–3.18) in 2001 to 6.86 (95% confidence interval 5.76–7.95) in 2019. Mortality rates were higher among men than among women, especially in those aged 20–50 years. The population aged ≥ 75 years had higher ADE-related mortality rates than the younger population. North America had the highest mortality rate among the five regions. The global ADE-related mortality rate increased by approximately 3.3-fold from 2001 to 2019. Conclusions The burden of ADEs has increased internationally with rising mortality rates. Establishing pharmacovigilance systems can facilitate efforts to reduce ADE-related mortality rates globally.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s40264-023-01387-0

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