The effect of income on democracy revisited a flexible distributional approach

Rajius Idzalika (), Thomas Kneib () and Inmaculada Martínez-Zarzoso
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Rajius Idzalika: University of Göttingen
Thomas Kneib: University of Göttingen

Empirical Economics, 2019, vol. 56, issue 4, No 3, 1207-1230

Abstract: Abstract We reexamine the effect of economic development on the level of democracy based on the data sets of Acemoglu et al. (Am Econ Rev 98(3):808–842, 2008) with a novel regression specification utilizing a zero–one-inflated beta distribution for the response variable democracy. Contrary to the results of Acemoglu et al. (2008), some support for a positive association between income and democracy is found when assuming that the variance of explanatory variables is heterogenous. In particular, our results show that rising income is associated with a probability of becoming fully democratic, but income is not generally associated with the mean level of democracy.

Keywords: Income; Democracy; Beta distribution; Bimodal; OECD (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C16 O1 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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DOI: 10.1007/s00181-017-1390-7

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