Experimental and kinetic study of removal of lead (Pb+2) from battery effluent using sweet lemon (Citrus limetta) peel biochar adsorbent

Poonam () and Narendra Kumar ()
Additional contact information
Poonam: Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
Narendra Kumar: Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2020, vol. 22, issue 5, No 26, 4379-4406

Abstract: Abstract The main polluting agents of the environment are different anthropogenic activities; among them, industries are the primary one. Lead (Pb2+) is an extremely toxic metal ion and is the main raw material of lead–acid batteries. The present study focuses on adsorptive removal of lead from battery manufacturing industrial effluent by sweet lemon (Citrus limetta) peel biochar (SLPB). The removal efficiency was about 97.11% at optimum contact time of 160 min with optimum dosage of 3.5 g L−1 at constant temperature. The optimum pH and temperature were recorded to be 5 and 55 ºC with their maximum adsorption capacities of 55.67 and 53.89 mg g−1, respectively. The process obeyed second-order kinetics favoring chemisorption over physisorption. The adsorbent was also characterized by SEM–EDX, XRD, BET and FTIR to validate the results obtained. The results were justified by the functional groups present and changes in morphology of the biochar after treating wastewater. Further, adsorption process preferred Freundlich (r2 = 0.98) adsorption isotherm in comparison with Langmuir (r2 = 0.95) adsorption isotherm. The adsorption process demonstrated that the removal process was multilayered and heterogeneous with maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 2840.91 mg g−1 which was higher than most of the values obtained from other materials. Thus, the study concluded that SLPB might be used to overcome the pollution level of metals in our water bodies to maintain the quality of water bodies.

Keywords: Adsorption; Biochar; Lead; Isotherms; Desorption; Kinetics; Battery manufacturing effluent (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-019-00389-2 Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:endesu:v:22:y:2020:i:5:d:10.1007_s10668-019-00389-2

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/economics/journal/10668

DOI: 10.1007/s10668-019-00389-2

Access Statistics for this article

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development is currently edited by Luc Hens

More articles in Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development from Springer
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().