The environmental impact of nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) production in Mexico City, Mexico through a life cycle assessment (LCA)

Guillermo Alexis Vergel-Rangel (), Pablo Emilio Escamilla-García (), Raúl Horacio Camarillo-López (), Jair Azael Esquivel-Guzmán () and Francisco Pérez-Soto ()
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Guillermo Alexis Vergel-Rangel: Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Pablo Emilio Escamilla-García: Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Raúl Horacio Camarillo-López: Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Jair Azael Esquivel-Guzmán: Université de Montréal
Francisco Pérez-Soto: DICEA, Chapingo Autonomous University

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2021, vol. 23, issue 12, No 40, 18068-18095

Abstract: Abstract Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) is widely cultivated in Mexico as a food raw material. However, the environmental impact caused by the growth and harvesting life cycle of this feedstock has been poorly studied. In this study, the environmental consequences of the growing, harvesting and transportation processes of nopal were evaluated with the aid of a life cycle assessment (LCA) method using SimaPro software version 8.5.2. The results showed that global warming (83.13%) and ozone depletion (99.25%) were significantly affected by the cultivation process due to current fertilization methods. The number of estimated gasses and chemicals emitted like ammonium (18.88 kgNH3/ha/year), nitrogen oxides (35.32 kgNOX–NO2/ha/year) and nitrous oxide (28.57 kgN2O/ha/year) were believed to be the result of the chemical fertilizers employed. The current cultivation process additionally reported emissions of nitrate (886.48 kgNO3/ha/year) and phosphorus (0.041 kg P/ha/year) caused by soil water erosion. The transportation process reported low levels of environmental impact; however, a significant amount of acidification (88.54%), mineral depletion (80.95%) and water consumption (84.06%) resulted from the process utilized to produce nopal in brine. In summary, the entire process resulted in a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 0.562 kg/CO2 eq.

Keywords: Nopal; Environmental impact; Life cycle assessment; Climate change (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01428-7

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