Evaluation and characterization of groundwater using chemometric and spatial analysis

P. Mohana () and P. M. Velmurugan
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P. Mohana: Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
P. M. Velmurugan: Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2021, vol. 23, issue 1, No 15, 309-330

Abstract: Abstract Multivariate statistical techniques including inter-relationship analysis using correlation coefficient matrix, hierarchical cluster analysis and factor analysis were applied in order to characterize the hydrogeochemical nature and for the evaluation of groundwater quality. In the present research, forty-four groundwater samples were collected in the Arani Taluk of Tamil Nadu, South India. The result of correlation analysis reveals the occurrence of rock–water interaction and also suggests the absence of any significant influence from domestic sewage effluents on the groundwater of the region as there is no significant correlation between Na and Cl with that of NO3. Among trace metals, Fe and Mn show strong correlation as the hydroxides of these metals usually act as scavengers in aqueous medium which is also reflected from their significant correlation with Zn and Ni. Cluster analysis classifies the region into four different clusters representing the impact on the groundwater due to the activities in the agricultural region, settlement areas and in the industrial region. Results of factor analysis clearly demarcates the groundwater of the region into more contaminated, moderately contaminated and less contaminated with respect to major ions and heavy metals and also illustrates the location/region of the distribution of the contaminants using the integrated study of factor and spatial analysis.

Keywords: Chemometric analysis; Correlation analysis; Cluster analysis; Factor analysis; Groundwater (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-019-00581-4

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