Hydrochemistry modelling: evaluation of groundwater quality deterioration due to anthropogenic activities in Lahore, Pakistan

Muhammad Irfan Jalees (), Muhammad Umar Farooq (), Mehwish Anis (), Ghulam Hussain (), Arfa Iqbal () and Sana Saleem ()
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Muhammad Irfan Jalees: University of Engineering and Technology
Muhammad Umar Farooq: University of Engineering and Technology
Mehwish Anis: University of Engineering and Technology
Ghulam Hussain: University of Engineering and Technology
Arfa Iqbal: University of Engineering and Technology
Sana Saleem: University of Engineering and Technology

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2021, vol. 23, issue 3, No 7, 3062-3076

Abstract: Abstract Anthropogenic activities adversely affect the drinking water quality. This study examined the effect of anthropogenic activities on groundwater quality of Lahore city, Pakistan. Hydrochemistry modelling approach was applied to thirteen tube wells of the study area. Lithology profiles (borehole logs and fence diagram) indicated variable lithology in the study area. It was categorized into two types, i.e. clay dominant and sand dominant. The physico-chemical characterization of groundwater samples revealed that all parameters were found within the WHO guidelines for drinking water, except alkalinity, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb. Piper, Stiff, Durov and Schoeller diagrams indicated the presence of bicarbonates anionic and sodium and potassium cationic systems. The abundance of cations and anions was in the order of Na > K > Ca > Mg and HCO3 > Cl > SO4, respectively. In the ion exchange studies, negative chloro-alkaline indices values indicated the replacement of divalent cations with sodium. Saturation indices by PHREEQC modelling have values

Keywords: Fence diagram; GIS; Hydrochemistry; Lahore (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00703-3

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